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Abstract Objectives Bacillus Calmette?Guérin (BCG) vaccination has been implicated in protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and as a non-specific immunisation method against the virus We therefore decided to investigate T-cell and B-cell epitopes within the BCG-Pasteur strain proteome for similarity to immunogenic peptides of SARS-CoV-2 Methods We used NetMHC 4 0 and BepiPred 2 0 epitope prediction methods for the analysis of the BCG-Pasteur proteome to identify similar peptides to established and novel SARS-CoV-2 T-cell and B-cell epitopes Results We found 112 BCG MHC-I-restricted T-cell epitopes similar to MHC-I-restricted T-cell SARS-CoV-2 epitopes and 690 BCG B-cell epitopes similar to SARS-CoV-2 B-cell epitopes The SARS-CoV-2 T-cell epitopes represented 16 SARS-CoV-2 proteins, and the SARS-CoV-2 B-cell epitopes represented 5 SARS-CoV-2 proteins, including the receptor binding domain of the spike glycoprotein Conclusion Altogether, our results provide a mechanistic basis for the potential cross-reactive adaptive immunity that may exist between the two microorganisms
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Clinical_&_Translational_Immunology
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Identification of similar epitopes between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 and Bacillus Calmette–Guérin: potential for cross-reactive adaptive immunity
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