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Brachytherapy systems designed for automated delivery of radioisotopes, usually cesium-137 or iridium-192, directly into cancerous tissue. These systems are typically radioisotope delivery units (i.e., afterload unit) with a source-drive mechanism (usually a computer-controlled stepper motor with drive rollers or belts), a shielded safe, applicators, a control console, and a computerized planning unit. Brachytherapy systems may include treatment planning modules, a motorized treatment table with three-dimensional (i.e., X, Y, and Z) movement, and x-ray imaging capabilities, completely integrating the treatment planning system for immediate update of dose distribution. Radiation isotopes are delivered using either special applicators for specific body cavities or disposable needles, tubes, or catheters for interstitial delivery. Remote afterloading systems are commonly used to treat a range of cancers, including endometrial, cervical, pancreatic, and endobronchial.
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