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Needles designed to penetrate into the spinal column for aspiration and/or injection of fluids such as anesthetics, analgesics, or steroid substances (usually from the subarachnoid space in the lumbar region). These devices typically consist of 18- to 27-gauge needles 50 to 150 mm (2 to 6 in) in length, with appropriate tips (e.g., pencil, Quincke, Whitacre) to minimize cutting and/or lesion of tissues, nerves, and dura fibers. The needles are usually attached to catheters for external infusion and/or aspiration of fluids. Some spinal needles include wings and/or depth marks to facilitate accurate insertion and positioning; they are also available in pediatric size, typically ranging from 1 to 2.5 inches (25 to 63 mm) in length. Spinal needles are used for lumbar punctures in diagnostic and treatment procedures and to administer regional anesthesia during labor and delivery and in some surgical procedures.
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