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  • Implantable prostheses designed for total replacement of the knee joint. These prostheses typically consist of a femoral component including a metal part that replaces the distal surface of the femur, a tibial component consisting of a plastic spacer and metal tray that is attached to the tibia, and a patellar component (usually a plastic or plastic/metal cap) that replaces the surface of the kneecap. Total knee joint prostheses made of metal or a combination of metal and polymeric materials with different shapes and technologies are available; the prostheses may be intended for implantation either with bone cement or without (with mechanical attachments to hold the prostheses in place until bone grows) or using a combination of both technologies. Total knee joint prostheses are used to stop bones from rubbing against each other in patients who suffer from osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis, as well as after trauma (e.g., fracture).
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