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Monitors designed to continuously and simultaneously sample, measure, and display data on respiratory and anesthetic gases administered during general anesthesia procedures in the operating room. These monitors display data on inspired and expired concentrations of several respiratory gases (e.g., oxygen, carbon dioxide) and anesthetic gases (e.g., nitrous oxide, halothane, enflurane, isoflurane); some devices can assess particular gas concentrations from the mixture of halogenated anesthetic gases. Respiration/anesthetic gas monitors perform a set of analyses based on a variety of technologies to determine the concentrations of the gases (e.g., galvanic cells or paramagnetic sensors for oxygen, infrared light spectrometers and/or piezoelectric for halogenated anesthetic agents and nitrous oxide). These monitors also include computerized capabilities and alarms, as well as a display that shows the numerical values, waveforms, and trends of the concentrations of the gases. Anesthetic/respiration gas monitors provide information on the patient\'s physiologic status, verify that appropriate levels of anesthetic gases are administered, and warn of problems of the gas delivery systems. They may also be used also immediately after anesthetic procedures in recovery rooms. Dedicated monitors based on dispersive and non-dispersive infrared (DIR and NDIR, respectively) gas analysis and paramagnetic sensors to measure oxygen, piezoelectric, mass spectrometry, and an infrared analyzer including a micro-optical rotor (MOR) with the appropriate optical filters and a detector to acquire the optical energy specific to the gases being analyzed are also available.
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