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Systems designed to separate mixtures of ionic solutes by the differences in their rate of migration in an applied electric field. These systems usually include an electrophoresis chamber, support media, a temperature control unit (for cooling and/or heating), a densitometer, and a power supply; the procedures require the use of reagents. Some of these systems can perform the operations automatically (e.g., apply samples to the gels, perform the electrophoresis, scan the gels, print the results) and include computerized data processing capabilities; other, less expensive systems are manually operated and configured using separate modules. Electrophoresis systems may perform one or more electrophoresis procedures, such as zone electrophoresis, gel electrophoresis, and isoelectric focusing electrophoresis. They are useful for separation and assessment of most solutes of interest in clinical chemistry, including proteins in serum, plasma, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, and other body fluids and tissues.
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