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  • Chemical agent environmental detectors designed for automated detection and identification of compounds that exert their biological effects by inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (nerve agents), such as tabun (GA), sarin (GB), soman (GD), and VX. The effects of these agents may be produced while in vapor (if inhaled) or in liquid state (if absorbed transcutaneously). Some devices can also detect agents that act when absorbed into the blood (i.e., blood agents), such as cyanide salts (either solid or liquid), cyanogen chloride (CK), and hydrogen cyanide (AC). These detectors may use one or several different technologies, including surface acoustic waves, induced fluorescence, and spectroscopy (e.g., ion-mobility spectroscopy). The sample is typically taken from the atmosphere, but water and/or particle samples are sometimes used. Most detectors warn of a hazardous condition when predetermined values of the nerve agent have been reached or exceeded. Nerve agent environmental detectors are available mainly as portable or handheld units and less frequently as stand-alone or mobile devices. They are used by healthcare workers, rescuers, firefighters, and military personnel in accidentally and/or intentionally contaminated or potentially contaminated areas.
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