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Particulate air filters designed to remove ultra fine particulate from the air. These filters usually consist of pleats of filter medium separated by rigid sheets of corrugated paper or aluminum foil; most ultra low penetration air (ULPA) filters direct the flow of air in a uniform parallel pattern (laminar flow). ULPA filters are similar in construction and appearance to high efficiency particulate (HEPA) filters but with a filtering medium with higher retention of the smaller micro particles; they typically remove 99.999 of particles bigger than 0.12 micron. ULPA filters are used to obtain the maximum possible air cleanliness (minimum particulate environment) that characterize classes 1 and 10 (i.e., less than 1 and 10 particles per cubic foot respectively) clean rooms.
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