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  • Similar to other nuclear hormone receptors, PPAR acts as a ligand activated transcription factor. Upon binding fatty acids or hypolipidemic drugs, PPARa interacts with RXR and regulates the expression of target genes. These genes are involved in the catabolism of fatty acids. Conversely, PPARg is activated by prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and anti-diabetic thiazolidinediones and affects the expression of genes involved in the storage of the fatty acids. PPARb is only weakly activated by fatty acids, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes and has no known physiologically relevant ligand. However, data from PPARb null mice suggest PPARb does serve a role in fatty acid metabolism and perhaps in skin proliferation and cancer. (This definition may be outdated - see the DesignNote.)
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