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Stationary bicycle exercisers designed to simulate the motions of riding a bicycle with the user sitting in a recumbent position. These exercisers are usually self-powered devices; they may use friction belts or wheels, magnets, fans, or hydraulics to increase resistance. Some stationary bicycles may include a motor that can regulate speed. Seats are usually adjustable while the rider remains in a reclined position with the legs extending forward to the pedals, a position that can reduce strain on the neck and lower back. The bicycles usually include workout program modes that can adjust resistance, and a monitor to display the workout time, distance, speed, calories burned, and heart rate; they often have adjustable handlebars with grip pulse sensors, and some bicycles have heart-rate control tools that can adjust the resistance level to suit the targeted heart rate. Recumbent bicycles are intended to increase cardiovascular endurance by keeping the heart and pulmonary rate elevated for a continuous period of time. Additionally, they provide strength and endurance to the lower-limb muscles (e.g., quadriceps, hamstrings, calves, gluteus).
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