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  • Sclera is the dense, white fibrous outer protective layer of eye. Consists largely of collagen. Histologic structure is similar to cornea. Varies in thickness from 0.3 mm to about 0.6 mm. Continuous with cornea (anterior) and dural sheath of optic nerve (posterior). Episclera is thin layer of elastic tissue on outer surface of anterior sclera; contains blood vessels that feed sclera. Signs and symptoms of sclera disorders are lacrimation, hyperemic patches, globe perforation, discoloration, plaque deposits, redness, eye pain, photophobia and loss of vision. Conditions affecting sclera include blue sclera, scleral ectasia, staphyloma, scleritis and episcleritis, scleromalacia perforans and hyaline degeneration.
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