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External shock wave therapy (ESWT) systems designed to produce shockwaves from spark-gap (also known as electrostatic) generators. These systems consist of a generator that includes a spark-gap electrode; when a high voltage is developed across the electrodes placed on a water-filler tank, the discharge of energy generates a vaporization bubble that expands and then collapses with the result of a high-energy pressure wave (i.e., the shock wave). Electrohydraulic ESWT systems are intended to produce mechanical and biological effects on tissues. Both dedicated systems intended for orthopedic use and other applications and systems that provide strong mechanical effects (i.e., lithotripters) for the destruction of renal and/or gallbladder stones are available.
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