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  • refers to a physiologically defined group of cells ventral to the postcommissural fornix at the level of the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus in primates. HACER, Spanish for \'to do\', is the acronym for \'\'Hypothalamic Area for Cardiovascular Emotional Response\', It refers to a site where electrical stimulation produces the cardiovascular component of the defensive response to threatening stimuli: elevations of blood pressure and heart rate and a characteristic fluctuation of renal blood flow ( Smith-1990 ). The area receives major input from the amygdala, the brain region most involved in fear conditioning ( DeVito-1982; Pare-2004 ). A lesion of the area eliminates naturally occurring hypertension in baboons and owl monkeys ( Smith-2007 ).
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