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Viral contamination is a potential safety threat common to all animal and human-derived biologics and it follows that ensuring virological safety is challenging Contamination of the production system can occur, and the processes of viral removal are complex and require regular assessment (to avoid the incomplete inactivation or removal of viruses) A further challenge arises with creating viral secure areas As well as the control of materials and personnel, and important factor in maintaining such an area is through effective air filtration As this article has highlighted, higher-grade HEPA filters are effective at removing most viruses from the air through diffusion and retaining them within the media matrix However, while some tests have been conducted, viral capture does not form part of conventional HEPA filter certification Additional viral inactivation methods include the ionization of air, or alternative ultraviolet light and ozone methods To achieve viral control for certain types of pharmaceutical processing, this requires a combination approach This article makes reference to these approaches Aside from specific products (like cell-culture and plasma products), the current rise in cases of SARS-CoV-2 (and the associated disease COVID-19) may make aspects of this article of wider interest to the cleanroom user
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