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?:abstract
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Aims Patients with diabetes are potentially at higher risk of mortality due to COVID-19. We aimed to compare the outcomes and severity of pulmonary involvement in patients with and without diabetes. Methods In this cohort study, patients with diabetes, hospitalized due to COVID-19 from February 2020 to May 2020 were recruited. Hospitalized individuals without diabetes were enrolled as control subjects. All patients were followed for 90 days, and clinical findings and patients’ outcomes were reported. Results Over a period of four months, 127 patients with diabetes and 127 individuals without diabetes with a diagnosis of COVID-19 were recruited. The mean age was 65.70±12.51 years. Mortality was higher in population with diabetes (22.8% vs. 15.0%; P=0.109), although not significantly. More severe pulmonary involvement (P=0.015), extended hospital stay (P<0.001), and higher need for invasive ventilation (P=0.029) were reported in this population. Stepwise logistic regression revealed that diabetes was not independently associated with mortality (p=0.092). Older age (OR=1.054, p=0.003), aggravated pulmonary involvement on admission (OR=1.149, p=0.001), presence of comorbidities (OR=1.290, p=0.020) and hypothyroidism (OR=6.576, p=0.021) were associated with mortality. Diabetic foot infection had a strong positive correlation (OR=49.819, p=0.016), whereas insulin therapy had a negative correlation (OR=0.242, p=0.045) with mortality. Conclusions The mortality rate due to COVID-19 did not differ significantly between patients with or without diabetes. Older age, macrovascular complications, and the presence of comorbidities could increase mortality in people with diabetes. Insulin therapy during hospitalization could attenuate the detrimental effects of hyperglycemia and improve prognosis of patients with COVID-19 and diabetes.
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