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BACKGROUND: The use of alcoholic‐based hand rubs (ABHRs) is an important tool for hand hygiene, especially in times of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Possible irritant effects of ABHR may prevent their use by persons at risk of infection. METHODS: This systematic review is based on a PubMed search of articles published between January 2000 and September 2019 in English and German, and a manual search, related to the irritation potential of alcohol‐based disinfectants restricted to n‐propanol (1‐propanol) and its structural isomer isopropanol (isopropyl alcohol, 2‐propanol). RESULTS: The majority of the included studies show a low irritation potential of n‐propanol alone. However, recent studies provide evidence for significant barrier damage effects of repeated exposure to 60% n‐propanol in healthy, as well as atopic skin in vivo. The synergistic response of combined irritants, (ie, a combination of n‐propanol or isopropanol with detergents such as sodium lauryl sulfate) is greater, compared with a quantitatively identical application of the same irritant alone. CONCLUSION: While recent studies indicate a higher risk of skin irritation for n‐propanol and isopropanol than reported in the past, this risk still seems to be lower than that for frequent handwashing with detergents, as recommended by some to prevent COVID‐19 infections.
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document_parses/pdf_json/6970303313b27efd9ee87dbf6ad25a27615da101.json
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document_parses/pmc_json/PMC7675697.xml.json
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How irritant are n‐propanol and isopropanol? – A systematic review
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