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?:abstract
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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) has become a global public health emergency G-quadruplex, one of the non-canonical secondary structures, has shown potential antiviral values However, little is known about the G-quadruplexes of the emerging SARS-CoV-2 Herein, we characterized the potential G-quadruplexes in both positive and negative-sense viral strands The identified potential G-quadruplexes exhibited similar features to the G-quadruplexes detected in the human transcriptome Within some bat- and pangolin-related betacoronaviruses, the G-tracts rather than the loops were under heightened selective constraints We also found that the amino acid sequence similar to SUD (SARS-unique domain) was retained in SARS-CoV-2 but depleted in some other coronaviruses that can infect humans Further analysis revealed that the amino acid residues related to the binding affinity of G-quadruplexes were conserved among 16,466 SARS-CoV-2 samples Moreover, the dimer of the SUD-homology structure in SARS-CoV-2 displayed similar electrostatic potential patterns to the SUD dimer from SARS Considering the potential value of G-quadruplexes to serve as targets in antiviral strategy, our fundamental research could provide new insights for the SARS-CoV-2 drug discovery
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