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Electronic devices (hardware) designed to store, retrieve, and process data, typically in digital form, following the instructions of one or more programs stored internally, either temporarily or permanently (i.e., software and firmware, respectively). Computers typically perform their work in three well-defined steps: accepting input data, processing the input data according to predefined rules (programs), and producing output data as results. Computers typically consist of a central processing unit (CPU) with components (e.g., processors, memories) that perform simple, well-defined functions; they also include electronic displays and input and output ports for connection to peripheral devices for data input (e.g., keyboards), output (e.g., printers, plotters), and/or storage (e.g., optical discs). Computers are available in a variety of data processing capacities and configurations, including large-capacity, powerful computers installed in racks or shelves (i.e., minicomputers and mainframes) that can simultaneously support hundreds or even thousands of users and small, single user-devices known as personal computers. Standard or dedicated computers with appropriate configuration and capacity, with a high-definition display and using specialized programs intended to perform a particular function (e.g., data and imaging processing from ultrasound, cardiology, and radiotherapy procedures), can interface with workstations and/or information systems in healthcare facilities.
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