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Equipment designed to recover silver from solutions using a process in which a sealed cartridge filled with iron (usually steel wool) undergoes an oxidation-reduction reaction with silver solutions (e.g., silver thiosulfate) to produce ferrous ions and metallic silver. Usually, two cartridges are placed in a series so that a secondary cartridge will collect the silver that the first one may miss in the event of a breakthrough. A typical system can recover about 95% of the silver in the solution; silver is usually recovered as sludge in the bottom of the cartridge (typically containing 30% of pure silver). Metallic replacement cartridge systems are used mainly in healthcare facilities to recover silver from solutions used during radiographic film processing.
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