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Electrical stimulators that apply stimuli to subsurface areas of a patient\'s brain for pain-relief purposes. Analgesic brain stimulators may consist of an implanted lead/electrode system (attached to a passive electronic circuit into which energy and/or signals are inductively coupled from outside the body, typically at radio frequencies) or a totally implantable self-contained stimulator (that carries its own energy source and has no inherent dependence upon external devices). These stimulators are used to treat chronic severe intractable pain for which drug therapy is undesirable or no longer effective.
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