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  • Endoscopes designed for percutaneous insertion through an intercostal space in the body cavity situated between the neck and the respiratory diaphragm (i.e., thoracic cavity) for visual examination, biopsy, and treatment of lesions of the pleura, pleural cavity, and/or mediastinum; they are also used to drain fluid from the pleural cavity (thoracentesis). Thoracoscopes usually consist of a rigid outer sheath, a lighting system, and a working channel for catheters and operative devices. Most thoracoscopes include a television camera at their tip that sends a video signal through the endoscope to an external video monitor.
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