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Equipment designed for the automatic or semiautomatic washing (i.e., elimination of dirt and/or stains) and removal (i.e., physical decontamination) of organic debris (e.g., blood, fat, bone) from soiled devices. These units typically consist of a corrosion-resistant chamber containing baskets or trays for the soiled devices; some can accommodate dedicated trays and/or racks. Washers/decontamination units perform a cycle of operations that typically include water prewash, enzyme treatment, detergent wash, heated rinse, and drying; the process includes mechanical removal of contaminants (i.e., physical decontamination) by water jets, and/or ultrasound energy and may include thermal disinfection (usually using water from 60 to 95 degrees C [140 to 203 degrees F]). Dedicated units are available for surgical instruments and other critical devices; simpler units that do not provide the same level of cleaning and physical decontamination are available to clean bedpans, containers, and other noncritical devices and utensils. This equipment may provide some level of disinfection by killing or inactivating several types of microorganisms.
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