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Water purification systems designed to kill bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms using germicidal ultraviolet (UV) radiation. These systems typically consist of a water flow chamber that include UV light sources (typically UV-C is used with a wavelength from 100 to 280 nm) encaged in transparent protectors; the UV radiation kills or renders innocuous most of the microorganisms present in the water. UV water purification systems are mainly used as a last step of a water treatment system intended to obtain pure water, typically after previous filtering, deionization, and/or reverse osmosis have been performed. Dedicated UV systems used in hemodialysis procedures are also available.
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