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WHAT: Restriction of the external rotation of the shoulder joint. WHY: This maneuver is the single best test for disease of the shoulder joint itself. Elevation and abduction of the shoulder can be performed by moving the scapula with a fixed glenohumeral joint. External rotation cannot be compensated in this way. Restricted external rotation is most prominent in RA and polymyalgia rheumatica. HOW: Patient in sitting position, elbow flexed 90 degrees. Rotate forearm outwards. Normal is 80-90 degrees.
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