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Solid-state lasers, powered by a rod of yttrium-aluminum-garnet crystal doped with neodymium, a rare-earth element, as the active medium, designed for use in dental procedures. These lasers typically emit energy at a wavelength of 1,064 nm (near infrared), although they are sometimes operated in other transitions (e.g., 1,319 nm). Nd:YAG dental lasers may be operated in pulsed, Q-switched, and mode-locked modes; laser energy can be delivered through a flexible optical glass fiber. Nd:YAG dental lasers are used mainly to excise or vaporize soft tissue (e.g., gums) in the oral cavity.
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