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Dental devices designed for implantation through the mandibular bone (i.e., transosteal or transosseous). These implants typically consist of screws that are inserted through the bone, penetrating the entire jaw and emerging at the bottom of the chin where they are secured with a nut and a pressure plate. Transosteal implants are usually made of alloplastics (e.g., metal) materials; titanium (and/or titanium alloy) is the most frequently used metal due to its ability to become incorporated in the bone structure (i.e., fused to the bone, known as osseointegration). Standard transosteal dental implants are available in a variety of sizes and shapes, including implants appropriate for individual teeth, several teeth (i.e., bridges), and complete denture support; this type of implant is no longer frequently used in current dental practice.
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