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  • Hand prostheses operated by mechanical power, usually supplied by other parts of the patient body (i.e., body-powered), and designed for partial functional and cosmetic replacement of a missing hand. These prostheses are typically devices that resemble a natural hand and are made of metal (e.g., cobalt-chromium alloys), hard plastics (e.g., polyethylene), or a combination of materials; they are usually fixed with a socket to the wrist and require some degree of customization. Mechanical hand prostheses may be externally or patient-actuated; in the most common configuration, the hand is operated by cables attached to a harness strapped around the shoulders. Movement of the shoulder operates (e.g., opens, closes) the hand. The prostheses may be used alone as a replacement for a lost hand or as the terminal component of a below-the-elbow, above-the-elbow, or total upper limb prosthesis in patients who have congenital abnormalities or who suffered amputations due to illness (e.g., diabetes) or traumatic accidents.
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