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A genetic epilepsy of childhood with characteristics of drug-resistant seizures often induced by fever, presenting in previously healthy children, and which frequently leads to cognitive and motor impairment. Seizures can regress in adulthood but most patients have ongoing seizures that are refractory to medication. Around 85% of cases are due to a mutation or deletion in the SCN1A gene (2q24.3), encoding a voltage-gated sodium channel essential for the excitability of neurons. In families with a known SCN1A mutation, inheritance is autosomal dominant.
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