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  • Mechanical balances designed for general measurement in the clinical laboratory. These balances typically have weighing capacities ranging from several hundred milligrams to about 20 kg and readability of 0.1 to 1.0 g, according to the weighing range. Precision mechanical balances may have one pan (single-pan balances) or two pans (double-pan balances). With double-pan balances, one pan is located at each end of a beam that is poised on an agate knife-edge fulcrum; a pointer hangs at the center of the beam. The object to be weighed is placed on one pan, and analytic weights are manually placed in the other pan until equilibrium (i.e., balance) is reached. With single-pan balances, a pan is located at one end of the shorter arm of the beam. The beam is balanced on a fulcrum by a larger arm that usually consists of two or three parallel beams to which weights are attached until the main beam returns to its null position.
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