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Neuromuscular electrical stimulators that apply stimuli to the muscles that control the fingers and thumb. These stimulators consist of a two-channel (or more) generator and electrodes. Some grasp stimulators are completely implanted, while others are used externally, including either surface or percutaneous electrodes. Depending on the particular type of system, the user controls the stimulation by movement (e.g., shoulder, wrist), voice, or other means. Some of these stimulators are capable of stimulating the muscles for elbow control, thus enabling the user to reach out in one or more directions.
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