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Laboratory blood analyzers that measure the molar ratio of zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) to heme (a chelate of iron) in blood, usually using a sample of whole blood. The results may be obtained directly in micromole of ZPP to mole of heme. These analyzers are usually portable, dedicated hematofluorometers and are mostly used as screening devices for lead poisoning, particularly for chronic lead disease. Analyses that determine the free erythrocyte porphyrin (ZEP) using traditional extraction techniques are more definitive in assessing porphyrin. ZEP and ZPP measurements are not equivalent, but have good correlation.
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