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  • Peritoneal catheters designed to drain the cerebrospinal fluid into the peritoneal cavity; they are used as distal catheters in the treatment of obstructions of the cerebrospinal fluid pathways accompanied by an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the skull (hydrocephalus). To place the catheters, an incision is made in the abdomen, through the rectus muscle, down to the peritoneum. A small nick is made in the peritoneum and the catheter is inserted. With the help of an introducer, the proximal end of the catheter is slipped subcutaneously up to the anterior abdomen and chest to the neck, where it is attached to the valve fluid from a valve and/or a reservoir connected to a proximal catheter, which in turn drains the fluid from a ventricle of the brain; these devices as a whole are known as ventriculoperitoneal shunts. These catheters are used as part of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt in treating children and adults with hydrocephalus, which may be idiopathic or a result congenital malformations, neoplasms of the brain, brain cysts, or traumatic injuries.
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