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Vascular catheters designed to inject contrast medium into the biliary (sometimes also into the pancreatic) ducts for radiographic examination purposes (cholangiography). These catheters usually consist of a 6 or 7 Fr tube with an injection needle that is advanced through its lumen. The catheters are usually introduced through the jugular vein, advanced to the inferior vena cava, and into the hepatic veins; the contrast medium is introduced into the bile tree by a puncture across the wall of the hepatic vein. Cholangiography vascular catheters are used as an alternative to percutaneous cholangiography in patients with abnormal blood clotting or massive ascites.
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