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Catheters designed to measure the temperature and light reflectance in arterial blood after a cold dye (e.g., ice-cold indocyanine green) is injected into the right atrium using a dye-dilution cardiac catheter. These catheters typically consist of a 4 Fr tube including a fiberoptic (to detect reflected and scattered light at the catheter tip) and that also has a thermistor near its distal tip; they are usually placed in the aorta via a femoral artery. Fiberoptic-thermistor catheters are used for bedside determination of intravascular volume (e.g. cardiac output, intrathoracic blood volume) after major surgery and in critically ill patients.
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