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Water-jet surgical units designed to perform endoscopic surgery in the articulations (i.e., arthroscopic). These units typically include an electrically powered central console for pressurizing the liquid (e.g., up to 30,000 psi) and a switch (e.g., footpedal) to control the operation; a liquid-delivery system, including a pump, tubes, high-pressure nozzles, and a liquid container; a waste hose for collecting the liquid and debris (e.g., excised tissue); and a set of specialized tools. Some tools are used for direct delivery of the jet; other tools (e.g., burs) use the high-pressure liquid as a power source to rotate turbine-driven mechanisms. Arthroscopic water-jet surgical units can cut, shape, and remove soft and hard tissue, including bone burring; they are used in a variety of arthroscopic procedures in small and large articulations.
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