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  • Pleural catheters designed for long-term drainage of abnormal fluid accumulation (e.g., pleural effusions). These devices usually consist of a plastic (e.g., silicone) catheter that is partially implanted (i.e., tunneled) in the chest cavity, with a multihole distal end inserted in the pleural cavity and typically including a cuff near the proximal end. The external portion includes a one-way valve that is kept closed until it is opened by a specially designed drainage line. The catheters are usually attached to a vacuum bottle or other vacuum source during drainage. Drainage pleural catheters are used mainly for outpatient, long-term, intermittent aspiration of recurrent malignant or nonmalignant pleural effusions that do not respond to other treatments. Pleural catheters may be used also for continuous drainage.
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