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Modules designed to be used as a component of a physiologic monitor, along with related devices, to acquire, measure, and process information for the purpose of continuously monitoring electrical signals generated by the brain and the associated electroencephalogram (EEG). These modules contain electronic circuits or other technology designed to acquire and/or process a signal from one or more physiologic sensors (e.g., electrodes) and transmit it to the physiologic monitor, which contains the software designed to support the module\'s intended function(s). Electroencephalography monitor modules must be inserted in a dedicated location (e.g., \'slot\') within a physiologic monitor (e.g., modular or modular/configured bedside or transport monitor) or related device (e.g., module rack) in order to support the desired function(s). Typically, EEG measurements/trends are monitored via electrodes placed on a patient\'s scalp and/or forehead; intracranial (e.g., subdural, epidural) and nasopharyngeal sites are sometimes used. Electroencephalography module functions include display of numeric values/trends for EEG measurements and associated waveforms and appropriate initiation of visual/audible alarms. Electroencephalography modules may support a variety of signal-processing and display techniques (e.g., compressed spectral array, density spectral array, bispectral analysis), depending on the application (e.g., monitoring of intensive care patients, level-of-consciousness monitoring of anesthetized patients). An example of a specialized technique for level-of-consciousness monitoring is bispectral analysis, a signal-processing technique that quantifies the degree of phase coupling between the sinusoidal components of the EEG signal and produces an index from EEG data to correlate with the degree of awareness of anesthetized patients.
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