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Esophageal bougies filled with tungsten (a metal that is solid at room temperature) that are designed to dilate a narrowed area in the esophagus. These bougies are typically strong-walled polyvinyl chloride or silicone tubes filled with tungsten powder suspended in a gel to provide weight, either with a round, blunt tip (Hurst type) or a fine tip tapered to full diameter over several centimeters from the tip (Maloney type). They are used with the same techniques as mercury-filled bougies. Tungsten-filled esophageal bougies are available in sets that include bougies with a variety of diameters; they are intended to treat cardiospasm, esophagitis, and stenosis. Tungsten-filled bougies (i.e., mercury-free bougies) are used as an alternative to mercury-filled bougies to avoid the hazards of mercury manipulation.
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