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Spinal catheters designed for introduction into an intervertebral disc to perform thermal cauterization; they do not deliver electric current to the tissues. These catheters consist of a flexible wire (typically 30 cm long) with a 5 cm high-resistance heating element at the tip and a thermocouple to monitor the temperature. The catheter is passed through a hollow needle previously inserted percutaneously in the disc, and is then maneuvered around the outer edge of the central nucleus of the disc. Power is supplied to the catheter from an electrical (e.g., radiofrequency) generator in an electrothermal cautery unit specially designed for use with the catheter. Electrothermal cautery intervertebral disc catheters are used in outpatient procedures to treat chronic, long-term discogenic pain.
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