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  • Implantable prostheses designed for total replacement of the wrist joint. These prostheses usually have two components: a radial component (consisting of two pieces, a flat metal device with a long stem at one end that anchors the prosthesis into the hollow center of the bottom of the radius and a very hard, slick plastic cup attached at the other end forming a socket for the wrist joint) and a distal component (consisting of two metal stems that are placed in the hollow bone marrow cavities of the carpal and metacarpal bones, respectively, with the opposite end shaped as a metallic ball that fits into the socket at the end of the radius). Both parts are metal; a high-density, tough, slick plastic (e.g., polyethylene) spacer between the two components enables the two components of the new joint to glide easily against each other, permitting movement of the wrist in all directions. Less frequently, a total prosthesis with a single across-the-joint component (usually made of a silicone elastomer) is used. Total wrist joint prostheses are used to stop bones from rubbing against each other; they may be used to restore wrist motion and/or strength in patients who suffer from osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis, as well as after trauma (e.g., fracture).
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