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  • Upper limb prostheses, usually resembling a hook, that are designed for partial functional replacement of a missing hand. These prostheses typically consist of an external metal (e.g., stainless steel) device including finger- like hooks frequently covered with polymers or with serrated holding surfaces and including an appropriate mechanism to permit the grasping of objects; the prostheses may also include total or partially implantable components (e.g., sensors, electrodes). Hook prostheses may be mechanically operated (e.g., using cables and springs) or electrically powered; they are available in a great variety of configurations and sizes. Upper limb hook prostheses may be used alone as a replacement for a missing hand or as the terminal component of a below-the-elbow, above-the-elbow, or total upper limb prosthesis. They are used mainly in patients who have congenital abnormalities or who suffered amputations due to illness (e.g., diabetes) or traumatic accidents.
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