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  • Elbow prostheses that are operated by electric power and designed for partial functional (e.g., rotation, flexion) replacement of the elbow component above the elbow. These prostheses typically consist of external devices with a metal, hinged, yoke-like mechanism that can provide rotational and flexion movements and several locking positions; they can be attached at the proximal end with a socket to the residual limb (i.e., the humerus) or to another prosthetic device (e.g., a tube) and at the distal end to a tubular device (i.e., forearm replacement) that is, in turn, attached to a wrist prosthesis and a terminal device (e.g., hand, hook). Electrically powered elbow prostheses incorporate small electrical motors and manual electrical switches to control the elbow and/or terminal prosthesis movements. They are typically used as a component of an above-the-elbow or total upper limb prosthesis in patients who have congenital abnormalities or who suffered amputation due to illness (e.g., diabetes) or traumatic accidents. Electrically powered wrist prostheses controlled by bioelectrical signals from muscle contractions (i.e., myoelectric) are also available.
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