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Multipurpose dynamometers designed to measure forces in a very wide range (e.g., from less than one to several hundred kilograms), exerted by either pushing or pulling. These dynamometers are typically a stand-alone or handheld measuring instrument that includes a heavy-duty mechanism (e.g., mechanical, hydraulic, strain gauge) that resists and/or measures the force applied and a gauge with a calibrated scale to show the measured value of the force (usually in pounds, kilograms, or both); some instruments also include dedicated attachments (which may be padded) chains, a single handle for push tests, and/or a hook and double handle set for pulling and lifting tests to facilitate the measurement of particular muscles. Multipurpose push-pull dynamometers are intended to measure muscle strength (e.g., arm, shoulder, back, leg) during patient status assessment and/or physical therapy treatment; they are also used to measure forces during inspection, repair, and calibration of medical devices.
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