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Endosteal dental implants designed for total or partial implantation into the bone and intended to replace a single tooth root (known as root-form implants) in either the maxillary or mandibular bone. These implants typically consist of devices resembling a screw and made of alloplastics (e.g., metal) materials that closely follow the shape and size of a natural tooth. Titanium (and/or titanium alloy) is the most frequently used metal due to its ability to become incorporated in the bone structure (i.e., fused to the bone, known as osseointegration); some implants add a hydroxyapatite external coat. Root-form implants are used to replace one or more isolated teeth.
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