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Disorder with characteristics of recurrent seizures, encephalopathy, and intellectual disability with typical onset in infancy. In most cases, seizures cease by age one, however the other neurological symptoms persist. The most common seizures are infantile spasms, however other seizure types associated with this disease include myoclonic seizures, atonic seizures, absence seizures, tonic-clonic seizures. Most individuals have more than one type of seizure and they may be refractory. Caused by mutations in the STXBP1 gene. STXBP1 gene mutations reduce the amount of functional protein produced which impairs the release of neurotransmitters from neurons, a change in levels may result in seizures. Inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern however most cases result from de novo mutations.
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