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  • The viewing component (i.e., telescope, also known as scope) of an endoscope or laparoscope designed to permit the observation of internal tissues and/or organs of the human body otherwise inaccessible through natural canals, body cavities, or surgical orifices. These devices may consist of a hollow metal or plastic tube fitted with a lens system (frequently rodlike, closely spaced lenses) that permits viewing in a fixed, predetermined direction; typically a video camera attached to or replacing the eyepiece allows observation through a fiberoptic bundle on a video monitor. Other endoscopes and laparoscopes use a chip (charge-coupled device [CCD]) at the distal tip of the telescope to transmit the image through wires to the video processor without the use of additional lenses. Endoscopic telescopes may be specialized for the area in which they are operated (e.g., urinary or gastrointestinal tract endoscopes, arthroscopes, laparoscopes) and/or the procedure to be performed.
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