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Hemodialysis units designed to replace the main activity of the kidneys by removing large amounts of water, toxins, and wastes. Typically, blood is removed via an extracorporeal circuit, passed through an extracorporeal dialyzer that removes toxic substances, and returned to the patient. Renal hemodialysis machines are available to perform continuous hemodialysis (a procedure known as continuous renal replacement therapy) or as intermittent machines used for short periods of time (usually over 2 to 4 hours, 3 to 5 times a week).
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