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refers to a composite structure of three cell groups found in the posterior hypothalamic region of the rat. It is defined on the basis of large oval cells that stain darkly for Nissl substance and also stain by immunohistochemistry for GAD and Met-Enk-Arg6-Phe7 heptapeptide. The cell groups include the ventral tuberomammillary nucleus, the dorsal tuberomammillary nucleus and the diffuse tuberomammillary nucleus. Together they form a \'shell\' around ventral parts of the ventral premammillary nucleus, the lateral mammillary nucleus and the medial mammillary nucleus ( Koehler-1985 ). Functionally they are part of the behavioral state system ( Swanson-2004 ).
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