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Funnels used for vacuum filtration intended to separate solids from liquids. Vacuum funnels are usually made of porcelain, but can also be made of glass or plastic. A vacuum funnel has either vertical walls (Buchner funnels) or walls that angle outward (Hirsch funnels) attached with a tight seal to a vacuum flask. A perforated plate separates the funnel from the flask; filter paper between the funnel and flask can also be used. A fitting for a vacuum source can be incorporated into either the funnel or the flask. The vacuum source is attached through the fitting with a rubber adaptor or stopper. The liquid to be filtered is poured into the funnel and drawn through the perforated plate into the flask by vacuum suction. Vacuum funnels are used in medical and/or chemical laboratories.
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