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  • Cryotherapy systems designed to produce tissue necrosis at temperatures well below the freezing point of water (typically less than -20 degrees Celsius/-4 degrees Fahrenheit) using minimally invasive procedures. These systems typically consist of a central unit that provides the cryogen and includes electronic and mechanical components to perform and control the ablation; tubing to deliver the cryogen; and a probe (e.g., an applicator, needle, cannula, or catheter) to apply the cryogen directly or indirectly to the tissue. Ablation occurs when the cryogenic substance or cryogenic probe contacts the tissue. As the cells freeze, ice crystals form inside the cell and the subsequent cycle of freezing and thawing that follows actually destroys the tissue cells. Cryotherapy systems intended to ablate particular tissues using catheterization procedures (e.g., cardiac, prostatic) are available.
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